ĐẶT LỊCH KHÁM

 Who should cryopreservation eggs and oocytes?

Many opinions and questions from many female readers about health conditions to be able to perform the oocytes cryopreservation process.

What are the conditions to conduct this technique?

Andrology and Fertility Hospital of Hanoi is one of the earliest hospitals to deploy oocytes cryopreservation and thawing techniques. For many years now, the hospital has not only applied this technique to respond infertility treatment couples, In vitro fertilization but also applicable to all subjects (no health contraindications).

The first condition for oocytes cryopreservation is that the customer must have ovum. To carry out oocytes cryopreservation, the woman must undergo ovarian stimulation, anesthesia when oocytes retrieval. Therefore, people with incurable diseases, thromboembolic diseases or serious chronic medical diseases such as heart failure, liver failure, kidney failure, coagulopathy, if the technique of anesthesia allows, this technique can be performed. Patients with endocrine-related cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer need to consider because ovarian stimulation will make the disease worse.

Compared to sperm cryopreservation or embryos cryopreservation, the need for oocytes cryopreservation is not as great.

Customers wishing to oocytes cryopreservation will be examined, tested, and transvaginal ultrasound, so women who have never had sex should consider storing oocytes.

The cost of an oocytes cryopreservation is the same as that of in vitro fertilization. In addition, technically, women who want to store eggs must have a vaginal examination, must have an ultrasound to monitor the ovum through the vagina, so if women have not had sex, they will need to consider more to perform. That is also the reason why at the hospital, although many female customers have a need to store eggs cold, after being consulted about this issue, they withdrew their intention!

How is oocytes cryopreservation implemented?

Customers who need to refrigerate occytes, in the second day of the menstrual cycle, will be examined and performed endocrine tests to quantify the levels of sex hormones in the blood such as FSH, LH, estradiol , testosterone, SHBG to evaluate the endocrine status of the ovaries and organs related to reproductive activity.

In addition, the client will be tested for sexually transmitted diseases (HIV, hepatitis B, syphilis and Chlamydia trachomatis); Transvaginal gynecological ultrasound helps to detect gynecological abnormalities such as uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, congenital abnormalities of the genital tract (double uterus, bicornuate uterus, uterus with uterus) septum, no uterus…), polycystic ovaries; Ultrasound of ovarian follicular count – a subclinical factor to help assess the number of eggs left on the ovary and predict ovarian response to ovarian stimulation drugs.

After the customer has examined and performed tests, the results meet the requirements, the doctors will perform ovarian stimulation through injection or oral ovarian stimulation drug – a drug used to stimulate ovarian follicles. develop, causing the follicle to mature and burst to release the egg. Medicines come in many forms, including injectable and oral. During ovarian stimulation, the client will have an ultrasound of the follicles 2-3 times. When the follicle reaches the size of 18-20 mm, the doctor will inject hCG – a drug that helps to mature the ovum and induce ovulation. In parallel with the follicular ultrasound, hormone quantification is also necessary during the monitoring of follicular development. Customers will have oocyte aspiration about 36-40 hours after hCG injection. Ovulation aspiration is performed through the vagina, the patient will be given local anesthesia and general anesthesia. After egg collection, all qualified eggs (ovules) will be refrigerated.

Doctors recommend that ovarian stimulation will make the ovaries larger, causing a feeling of weight in the lower abdomen. During this time, the client can still have normal activities and go to work, but should walk gently, avoid heavy work, do not do sports to avoid the risk of ovarian torsion and ovarian cyst rupture. Stimulating the ovaries increases the hormone estrogen, causing the breasts to feel full and possibly nauseated. However, these sensations only occur in the last 2-3 days of ovarian stimulation and will quickly disappear after oocytes retrieval.

Doctors note that women who need to store eggs cold, on the day of egg retrieval, do not eat or drink anything, including water. Before and after the day of egg retrieval, you can eat and drink normally. Sex should be avoided during ovarian stimulation.

In oocytes cryopreservation technique, the oocytes are exposed to protective environments with increasing concentrations. The oocytes are then placed in a cooling chamber for about 2 hours before being placed in liquid nitrogen (slow freezing) or straight into liquid nitrogen (vitrification). When needed, the ovum can be thawed, and the live ovum after thawing can still be fertilized with sperm by in vitro fertilization to form a normal embryo. Survival rate after thawing is over 90%. Embryos formed from thawed ovum when implanted in the uterus will be able to continue to divide, implant and develop into a fetus as normal physiologically.